http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/467 2026-07-09T17:57:02Z 2026-07-09T17:57:02Z Mahin Jehangir http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/20572 2026-07-01T10:06:24Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

Does access to ROSCAs (Informal Savings) reduce vulnerabilities during COVID times? Evidence from Micro-entrepreneurs’ survey of Semi-Urban areas of Punjab Mahin Jehangir The COVID-19 has exposed vulnerabilities in global economies impacting the marginalised communities the most. The lockdowns during the COVID has disrupted the means of credit interventions leading to increase in vulnerabilities of micro-entrepreneurs. However the role of informal credit interventions in such circumstances became critical. Therefore this thesis investigates the role of Rotating Savings and Credit Associations (ROSCAs), an informal saving mechanism, in mitigating vulnerabilities during the pandemic. This study utilizes primary data collected in June 2021 during peak COVID times, consisting of 508 households situated in Semi-urban areas of Lahore that include Atto Asal, Azad Town, Sue Asal, Khanoharni, Jhulky and Jhulky Sharif Park. Using Food vulnerability and Income vulnerability as dependent variables, the study examines whether access to Informal saving mechanisms (ROSCAs) and formal saving mechanisms reduce vulnerability among participants. The thesis investigates the impact of ROSCAs and Microfinance Institutions on household saving and financial stability during the COVID times. Our findings reveal that informal mechanisms ROSCAs in this case have a more profound impact in reducing vulnerabilities during COVID times compared to formal microfinance borrowers. PP. 61 ill;

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z AMNA NOOR FATIMA http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/20413 2026-02-02T07:27:07Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

USING THE FIRST AND SECOND WELFARE THEOREMS TO ANALYSE POVERTY IN PAKISTAN AMNA NOOR FATIMA This thesis proposes an alternative conceptual framework for poverty eradication in a developing country like Pakistan to complement the existing and laudable Benazir Income Support Programme (BISP), which does not explicitly mean-test recipients for caloric poverty nor directly address the underlying causal mechanisms that generate poverty. PP. 115; ill

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Jehanzeb Waheed http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/20368 2026-01-21T07:34:25Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

EVALUATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PROTOCOLS IN THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR OF ISLAMABAD Jehanzeb Waheed This thesis deals with the knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding the occupational safety standards within the construction industry of Islamabad to identify the factors influencing the compliance and implementation of the said standards. This research was done as part of the Master of Philosophy in Environmental Science and Policy. It studies the existing safety measures and whether they can reduce accidents and injuries at the workplace. PP. 70; ill

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Dua Fatima http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/20367 2026-01-21T07:27:56Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

QUANTIFICATION OF HEAVY METALS, STEROIDS, AND THEIR HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT IN LOCALLY MARKETED FACE WASH OF PAKISTAN Dua Fatima The widespread use of face wash products in Pakistan requires a detailed investigation into their chemical composition and potential health effects, especially regarding undeclared hazardous substances. This research addresses a significant public health and environmental issue by measuring heavy metals, including Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Nickel (Ni), and Lead (Pb), as well as steroids, in locally marketed face wash products. It also evaluates the associated risks to human health and the environment. The purpose of the study is to establish the level of contamination, health risks, evaluate environmental effects, and recommend improvements in the regulation. This was done with a survey of consumer awareness, physicochemical study, and proper quantification of heavy metals through atomic absorption spectrophotometry as well as steroid (Betamethasone and Hydrocortisone) by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Health risk assessment was carried out in the form of calculation of the Chronic Daily Intake (CDI) and Hazard Quotient (HQ). PP. 75; ill

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z