The electrical fan sector in Pakistan has existed since at least the country’s independence and produced for the domestic market for most of its history, although the sector has had strong export growth in the last 15 ...

The assumptions and practices associated with Orientalism were essential elements in the domination of colonial and post-colonial societies. Despite the long history of struggles against such oppression, no one else provided ...

Compared to the historical and even contemporary experience of India, Pakistan has long been regarded as a “dependent” economy. Gross domestic product growth in Pakistan is typically argued to be contingent on external ...

This paper looks at the Indus Basin Water Strategy for Pakistan. It begins with a historical overview of the Indus Basin Irrigation System (IBIS), the Indus Basin Replacement Works (1960-1980) and the Indus Basin Salinity ...

With growing global and regional economic integration, Pakistan, too, is actively seeking to enhance regional economic cooperation; it has entered into various regional and bilateral trade agreements that encompass trade ...

This paper takes a historical perspective to search for the major causes of Pakistan’s stop-go growth cycles and come to the conclusion that, to varying degrees, the foreign exchange constraint provides a major explanation ...

This paper seeks to describe and analyze the parallel foreign exchange (FX) market in Pakistan. The very nature of this market implies that there is little formal documentation or data to describe it, and so any assessment ...

This paper reviews Pakistan’s productivity performance over the last 35 years (1980–2015) and identifies factors that help explain the declining trend in labor productivity and total factor productivity (TFP), both of which ...

Textile is one of the most heavily protected sector in developed countries. This paper addresses the issue of anti-dumping measures, a new form of trade restriction. Protectionism is still common place in textiles, tariffs ...